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A shell script is a file containing one or more commands that you would type on the command line. This chapter describes how to create such a file and make it executable. It also covers some other issues surrounding shell scripts, including what to name the files, where to put them, and how to run them. I will begin with the first program traditionally demonstrated in every computer language: a program that prints “Hello, World!” in your terminal. It’s a simple program, but it is enough to demonstrate a number of important concepts. The code itself is the simplest part of this chapter. Naming the file and deciding where to put it are not complicated tasks, but they are important.
For most of this chapter, you will be working in a terminal. It could be a virtual terminal, a terminal window, or even a dumb terminal. In your terminal, the shell will immediately execute any commands you type (after you press Enter, of course).
